Search results for "RAFT polymerization"

showing 7 items of 7 documents

Block copolymers from ionic liquids for the preparation of thin carbonaceous shells

2017

This paper describes the controlled radical polymerization of an ionic-liquid monomer by RAFT polymerization. This allows the control over the molecular weight of ionic liquid blocks in the range of 8000 and 22000 and of the block-copolymer synthesis. In this work we focus on block copolymers with an anchor block. They can be used to control the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles, which are functionalized thereafter with a block of ionic-liquid polymer. Pyrolysis of these polymer functionalized inorganic nanoparticles leads to TiO2 nanoparticles coated with a thin carbonaceous shell. Such materials may, e.g., be interesting as battery materials.

polymeric ionic liquidRadical polymerizationblock copolymer02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFull Research Paperlcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryPolymer chemistryCopolymerReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationlcsh:Scienceionic liquidchemistry.chemical_classificationRAFT polymerizationcarbonOrganic ChemistryPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBlock (periodic table)0104 chemical sciencesChemistryMonomerchemistryIonic liquidlcsh:Q0210 nano-technologyPyrolysisBeilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Pentafluorophenyl Ester-based Polymersomes as Nanosized Drug-Delivery Vehicles

2015

In this work, activated ester chemistry is employed to synthesize biocompatible and readily functionalizable polymersomes. Via aminolysis of pentafluorophenyl methacrylate-based precursor polymers, an N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA)-analog hydrophilic block is obtained. The precursor polymers can be versatile functionalized by simple addition of suitable primary amines during aminolysis as demonstrated using a fluorescent dye. Vesicle formation is proven by cryoTEM and light scattering. High encapsulation efficiencies for hydrophilic cargo like siRNA are achieved using dual centrifugation and safe encapsulation is demonstrated by gel electrophoresis. In vitro studies reveal low cy…

PolymersomesMaterials sciencePolymers and Plastics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryMethacrylate01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAminolysisHPMAPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryMethacrylamideReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationRAFT polymerizationVesicleOrganic Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistrydrug deliveryPolymersomeDrug deliveryactivated esters0210 nano-technologyDrug carrierMacromolecular Rapid Communications
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P(HPMA)-block-P(LA) copolymers in paclitaxel formulations: Polylactide stereochemistry controls micellization, cellular uptake kinetics, intracellula…

2012

In order to explore the influence of polymer microstructure and stereochemistry in biological settings, the synthesis, micellization, cellular fate and the use in paclitaxel formulations of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide)-block-poly(L-lactide) (P(HPMA)-block-P(LLA)) and poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide)-block-poly(DL-lactide) block copolymers (P(HPMA)-block-P(DLLA)) were studied. To this end, P(HPMA)-block-P(lactide) block copolymers and their fluorescently labeled analogues were synthesized. The polymers exhibited molecular weights M-n around 20,000 g/mol with dispersities (D=M-w/M-n) below 1.3. In addition, the solution conformation of this new type of partially degradable…

PaclitaxelStereochemistryCell SurvivalPolyestersTacticityMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical ScienceMicellechemistry.chemical_compoundTacticityAmphiphilePolymer chemistryPolylactide block copolymersCopolymerHumansReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationMicelleschemistry.chemical_classificationLactideRAFT polymerizationPoly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamideBiological TransportPolymerStructure activity relationshipAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicKineticschemistryDrug deliveryHPMA block copolymersMethacrylatesHeLa Cells
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Site-specific DBCO modification of DEC205 antibody for polymer conjugation

2018

The design of multifunctional polymer-based vectors, forming pDNA vaccines, offers great potential in cancer immune therapy. The transfection of dendritic immune cells (DCs) with tumour antigen-encoding pDNA leads to an activation of the immune system to combat tumour cells. In this work, we investigated the chemical attachment of DEC205 antibodies (aDEC205) as DC-targeting structures to polyplexes of P(Lys)-b-P(HPMA). The conjugation of a synthetic block copolymer and a biomacromolecule with various functionalities (aDEC205) requires bioorthogonal techniques to avoid side reactions. Click chemistry and in particular the strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) can provide the req…

540 Chemistry and allied sciencesRAFT polymerizationpDNA polyplexvaccinationbioorthogonal chemistryArticleDEC205 antibodylcsh:QD241-441strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC)lcsh:Organic chemistry540 Chemiecancer immune therapydendritic cells (DCs)targeting
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Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of P(HPMA)-b-P(LLA) Copolymers: A New Type of Functional Biocompatible Block Copoly…

2010

We describe a synthetic pathway to functional P(HPMA)-b-P(LLA) block copolymers. The synthesis relies on a combination of ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide, conversion into a chain transfer agent (CTA) for the RAFT polymerization of pentafluorophenyl methacrylate. A series of block copolymers was prepared that exhibited molecular weights $\overline M _{\rm n}$ ranging from 7 600 to 34 300 g · mol(-1) , with moderate PDI between 1.3 and 1.45. These reactive precursor polymers have been transformed into biocompatible P(HPMA)-b-P(LLA) copolymers and their fluorescently labeled derivatives by facile replacement of the pentafluorophenyl groups. The fluorescence label attached to this new …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceRAFT polymerizationPolymers and PlasticssynthesisStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryFluorescence correlation spectroscopyfluorescence correlation spectroscopyPolymerchainMethacrylatebiocompatible block copolymerspolylactide block copolymersTransfer agentchemistryPolymerizationPolymer chemistryAmphiphileHPMA block copolymersMaterials ChemistryCopolymerReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization
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Extraordinary Performance of Carbon‐Coated Anatase TiO 2 as Sodium‐Ion Anode

2015

The synthesis of in situ polymer‐functionalized anatase TiO2 particles using an anchoring block copolymer with hydroxamate as coordinating species is reported, which yields nanoparticles (≈11 nm) in multigram scale. Thermal annealing converts the polymer brushes into a uniform and homogeneous carbon coating as proven by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The strong impact of particle size as well as carbon coating on the electrochemical performance of anatase TiO2 is demonstrated. Downsizing the particles leads to higher reversible uptake/release of sodium cations per formula unit TiO2 (e.g., 0.72 eq. Na+ (11 nm) vs only 0.56 eq. Na+ (40 nm)) while the …

sodium‐ion batteriesAnataseMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryNanoparticle02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryElectrochemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeGeneral Materials ScienceHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyRAFT polymerizationFull PaperRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentFull Papers021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAnodeanatase TiO2carbon coatingChemical engineeringsymbolsnanoparticlesParticle size0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyFaraday efficiencyAdvanced Energy Materials
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Transient Multivalent Nanobody Targeting to CD206-Expressing Cells via PH-Degradable Nanogels

2020

To target nanomedicines to specific cells, especially of the immune system, nanobodies can be considered as an attractive tool, as they lack the Fc part as compared to traditional antibodies and, thus, prevent unfavorable Fc-receptor mediated mistargeting. For that purpose, we have site-specifically conjugated CD206/MMR-targeting nanobodies to three types of dye-labeled nanogel derivatives: non-degradable nanogels, acid-degradable nanogels (with ketal crosslinks), and single polymer chains (also obtained after nanogel degradation). All of them can be obtained from the same reactive ester precursor block copolymer. After incubation with na&iuml

0301 basic medicineEndosomeNanogels02 engineering and technologyConjugated systemArticleM2 macrophage03 medical and health sciencesHumansReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationlcsh:QH301-705.5targetingchemistry.chemical_classificationRAFT polymerizationChinese hamster ovary cellGeneral MedicinePolymerHydrogen-Ion Concentrationmultivalency021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologynanobody030104 developmental biologyTAMchemistryCD206lcsh:Biology (General)nanogelclick chemistryClick chemistryBiophysicsNanocarriers0210 nano-technologyNanogelCells
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